Jan 27, 2018 Artikel ini membahas tentang definisi (pengertian), ciri-ciri/karakteristik, struktur tubuh, cara reproduksi, klasifikasi, contoh dan peranan Menguntungkan dan merugikan Kingdom Fungi (Jamur) lengkap dengan gambar.

See full list on rumusbilangan.com. Fungi atau sering kita kenal dengan sebutan Jamur. Fungi merupakan organisme eukariotik yang bersel tunggal atau banyak dengan tidak memiliki klorofil. Dalam klasifikasi makhluk hidup, jamur dipisahkan dalam kingdom nya tersendiri, Fungsi masuk dalam kingdom protista, monera maupun plantae. Fungi (Jamur) memiliki ciri-ciri yang berbeda dari jenis-jenis tumbuhan lainnya, yaitu sebagai berikut ini: Fungi (Jamur) merupakan Organisme Eukariotik, yaitu Organisme yang memiliki Membran Inti Sel. Memiliki Dinding Sel yang terdiri dari Zat Kitin. Memiliki Cadangan Makanan dalam bentuk Glikogen. Fungi (Jamur) tidak memiliki Klorofil.

Dimorphic fungi are fungi that can exist in the form of both mold^[1] and yeast. This is usually brought about by change in temperature and the fungi are also described as thermally dimorphic fungi.^[2] An example is Talaromyces marneffei,^[3] a human pathogen that grows as a mold at room temperature, and as a yeast at human body temperature.

The term dimorphic is commonly used for fungi that can grow both as yeast and filamentous cells, however many of these dimorphic fungi actually can grow in more than these two forms. Dimorphic is thus often used as a general reference for fungi being able to switch between yeast and filamentous cells, but not necessary limiting more shapes.^[4][a]

Ecology of dimorphic fungi[edit]

Several species of dimorphic fungi are important pathogens of humans and other animals, including Coccidioides immitis,^[a][5]Paracoccidioides brasiliensis,^[a][5]Candida albicans,^[6][a]Blastomyces dermatitidis^[a],^[4]Histoplasma capsulatum,^[a][4]Sporothrix schenckii,^[a][4] and Emmonsia sp.^[7]Some diseases caused by the fungi are:

• candidiasis^[a]

Many other fungi, including the plant pathogen Ustilago maydis^[6] and the cheesemaker's fungus Geotrichum candidum also have dimorphic life cycles.

Ciri Fungi - Image Results

Mnemonics[edit]

Ciri Fungi Zygomycota

In medical mycology, these memory aids help students remember that among human pathogens, dimorphism largely reflects temperature:

• Mold in the Cold, Yeast in the Heat (Beast)
• Body Heat Probably (Changes) Shape
  • Blastomyces dermatitidis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, (Coccidioides immitis) is in parentheses because it changes to a spherule of endospores, not yeast, in the heat), Sporothrix schenckii.
  • This phrase says 'Probably' because there is always an exception (in this case fungi like Candida albicans) which change in the opposite direction: to mold in the heat!

13 Ciri-ciri Jamur (fungi) – Klasifikasi, Contoh, Peranan ...

Notes[edit]

1. ^ ^abcdefghe.g. Candida albicans, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Sporothrix schenckii, Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides immitis are commonly referred to as being dimorphic, however they can be seen as pleomorphic or polyphenic as they can adopt more morphologies than just yeast or filamentous cells.^[8][4]

Klasifikasi Jamur (Fungi) : Pengertian, Struktur, Ciri & Contoh

References[edit]

Fungi Atau Jamur - Pengertian, Klasifikasi, Ciri-Ciri, Contoh

1. ^'Fungi'. Archived from the original on June 6, 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-06.
2. ^Gauthier, GM (May 2017). 'Fungal Dimorphism and Virulence: Molecular Mechanisms for Temperature Adaptation, Immune Evasion, and In Vivo Survival'. Mediators Inflamm. 2017: 8619307. doi:10.1155/2017/8619307. PMC5463159. PMID28626346.
3. ^Chandler JM, Treece ER, Trenary HR, et al. (2008). 'Protein profiling of the dimorphic, pathogenic fungus, Penicillium marneffei'. Proteome Sci. 6 (1): 17. doi:10.1186/1477-5956-6-17. PMC2478645. PMID18533041.
4. ^ ^abcdeKerridge, D.; Odds, F. C.; Bossche, Hugo Vanden (2012). Dimorphic Fungi in Biology and Medicine. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN978-1-4615-2834-0.
5. ^ ^ab'Dimorphic Fungi'. Retrieved 2007-08-19.
6. ^ ^abSánchez-martínez, Cristina; Pérez-martín, José (2001). 'Dimorphism in fungal pathogens: Candida albicans and Ustilago maydis—similar inputs, different outputs'. Current Opinion in Microbiology. 4 (2): 214–221. doi:10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00191-0. PMID11282479.
7. ^Kenyon, Chris; Bonorchis, Kim; Corcoran, Craig; Meintjes, Graeme; Locketz, Michael; Lehloenya, Rannakoe; Vismer, Hester F.; Naicker, Preneshni; Prozesky, Hans; van Wyk, Marelize; Bamford, Colleen; du Plooy, Moira; Imrie, Gail; Dlamini, Sipho; Borman, Andrew M.; Colebunders, Robert; Yansouni, Cedric P.; Mendelson, Marc; Govender, Nelesh P. (2013). 'A Dimorphic Fungus Causing Disseminated Infection in South Africa'. New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (15): 1416–1424. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1215460. ISSN0028-4793. PMID24106934. S2CID15865.
8. ^Noble, Suzanne M.; Gianetti, Brittany A.; Witchley, Jessica N. (February 2017). 'Candida albicans cell-type switching and functional plasticity in the mammalian host'. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 15 (2): 96–108. doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.157. ISSN1740-1534. PMC5957277. PMID27867199.